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Nations The UN quasi-state: The organization indispensable.

- United Nations: the indispensable organization ...

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------------------------ 19/09/2003 ----------------------------------------------

United Nations: the indispensable organization

OSWALDO DE RIVERO (*)

The next Assembly General will no longer be, as previously believed, the obituary of the UN, but recognize it as the indispensable organization to meet the challenges of the XXI century
The United Nations effectiveness in matters of war or peace depends on the powers veto-wielding Security Council practice realpolitik.

The U.S. insistence to put aside Resolution 1441 and achieve a second resolution explicitly authorizing the use force in Iraq without setting a firm deadline to end reasonable inspections, severe public threats of France and Russia veto this claim and the unwillingness of all for compromise were not ingredients of realpolitik. The Council then stopped and the war in Iraq became a reality with all its current consequences.

When the U.S. gave the Security Council began its unilateral military action, occupied Iraq and gave a diminished political role the United Nations in that country, most of the ambassadors in New York believe that the UN faced such Once the worst crisis of its history, since the organization began to be marginalized by the most powerful world power, without which it could never achieve a more just world order in the XXI century.

was in this circumstance as president of the Rio Group UN, thought should be invited to the prestigious academic Paul Kennedy, professor of history and director of the Center for International Security Studies at Yale University, whom he knew, to give us their views and engage in dialogue with the ambassadors of the Group river.
Kennedy, author of two seminal books, "The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers" and "Regarding the XXI Century", he said the world today is too complicated and interdependent that a lone superpower can meet the most major global challenges such as growing social inequality in the world, mass migration, drug trafficking, weapons, people, damage ecological and especially terrorism. Kennedy This conclusion was also shared by prestigious professors from Harvard, Joseph Nye and Samuel Huntington, in two essays published in the journal "Foreing Affairs" (Samuel Huntington, "The Lonely Superpower", in April 1999 .- Foreing Affairs Joseph Nye , "American Power and Strategy", Foreing Affairs July 20) Today
reality seems to give reason to these scholars, security and stability in Iraq is complicated and deteriorated significantly and the U.S. has returned to the United Nations for the physical reconstruction multilateralize and politics of Iraq, willing to accept a role for the United Nations. This return to multilateralism is a positive because the world's largest military power ignores the unilateral and returns to cooperate with the international community.

The U.S. delegation has returned to the Security Council a draft resolution, under his arm, which analysts in the UN corridors, can be the basis for a commitment to do three things: first, give an important political role the United Nations in Iraq, second, establish a timetable to return sovereignty to the Iraqi people and third to give unambiguous security of UN staff.

Today almost all the global challenges facing humanity are fed by a structural situation is affecting global security and stability.
This situation is the rampant, explosive urbanization of poverty in underdeveloped countries, urbanization is done within a national context of backwardness and misery science and technology and therefore with export of primary products and some processed and have little global demand low prices compared to the goods and services with high technological content. Today nearly a hundred so-called developing countries "are not" developing "but actually begin to have features of viable national economies compared to a modern global economy where constant technological innovation and export service, and no natural resources are the source of the wealth of nations.
This non-competitive situation of the so-called developing countries leads to poverty, lower middle class, social demands, mass migration, crime, civil wars and terrorism. Many underdeveloped countries have now become genuine ungovernable chaotic entities. Today in the world some 33 civil wars and nearly 50 armed groups, many of them terrorists (Oswaldo de Rivero, The Myth of Devolopment ", third edition Zedbooks.London-New York 2003).

This situation is causing increasing global insecurity and instability and the only way to deal with it is within a multilateral cooperation framework also globally, as the UN and its specialized agencies.

With the return of the United States to the Security Council, recognizing the need for a greater political role for UN in Iraq, the upcoming General Assembly 58, and will not be, as previously believed, the obituary of the organization, but an important high-level meeting, which will be attended by world leaders, where the United Nations organization will be recognized as essential to bridle the challenges of the XXI century. The sacrifice of my friend Sergio Vieira de Mello and his colleagues in Baghdad, has not been in vain. OSWALDO

DE RIVERO Ambassador of Peru to the UN